

TL;DR Summary:
| Stage | Responsible Party | Core Action |
| Initiation | Merchant | Collect banking information and authorization |
| Batching | ODFI | Batch transactions for submission |
| Processing | ACH Operator | Process and route entries |
| Settlement | RDFI/Banking Network | Post funds and finalize settlement |
| Feature | Aspect | Specification | Year |
| ACH Fees | Transaction Cost | $0.20-$1.50 flat | Industry 2024 |
| Credit Card Fees | Transaction Cost | 2.0%-3.5%+ of amount | Industry 2024 |
| ACH with Guarantee | Chargeback Rate | 0% | Service Providers 2024 |
| Same-Day ACH | Volume Growth | 45.3% YoY | Nacha 2024 |
| Total ACH Value | Annual Processing | $86.2 trillion | Nacha 2024 |
| Compliance Pitfall | Potential Impact | Prevention Measure |
| Weak risk management programs | Account suspension | Implement structured ACH risk framework |
| Missing authorization records | Regulatory penalties | Maintain digital authorization archives |
| Lack of fraud protection | Data breaches, loss of funds | Use multi-factor authentication and verification |
| Ignoring Nacha updates | Network disqualification | Regularly review Nacha Operating Rules |
| Procedure | Purpose | Nacha Touchpoint |
| Authorization protocols | Documented customer consent | Authorization requirements |
| Settlement workflows | Define fund transfer timing | Settlement rules |
| Return handling systems | Manage insufficient funds/disputes | Return codes & timelines |
| Payment Method | Fraud Rate | Rejection Rate | Settlement Speed |
| ACH Debit | 34% | Minimal | Same-day available |
| Checks | 63% | N/A | 3–5 days |
| Credit Cards (High-Risk) | Variable | 89% of platforms affected | 2–3 days |
| ACH Option | Settlement Speed | Ideal Use Case | Typical Fee Range |
| Standard Processing | 1–2 business days | Routine B2B and subscription billing | $0.20–$1.50 |
| Same-Day ACH | Within hours | Urgent or high-volume transactions | $0.50–$1.50 |
| Recurring ACH | Scheduled intervals | Memberships and recurring invoices | $0.20–$1.00 |
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